{"id":444,"date":"2023-08-01T18:09:16","date_gmt":"2023-08-01T16:09:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/kostel-sv-ondreje\/"},"modified":"2023-08-01T18:09:17","modified_gmt":"2023-08-01T16:09:17","slug":"kostel-sv-ondreje","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/kostel-sv-ondreje\/","title":{"rendered":"Kostel sv. Ond\u0159eje"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Kostel<\/a><\/p><\/p>\r\n

LOKALITA:\u00a0<\/b>Rychnov nad Mal\u0161\u00ed<\/p>\r\n

Okres: \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov<\/p>\r\n

Kraj: Jiho\u010desk\u00fd kraj<\/p>\r\n

GPS: 48.6677822N, 14.4824497E<\/p>\r\nNaviguj na sou\u0159adnice<\/a>\r\n

P\u0159\u00edstup: Kostel se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed m\u011bste\u010dka. Do kostela vedou dva st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 vstupy.<\/p>\r\n

Zasv\u011bcen\u00ed<\/b>: sv. Ond\u0159ej<\/p>\r\n

Status<\/b>: Farn\u00ed kostel, od roku 1363.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Stavebn\u00ed f\u00e1ze<\/b><\/h3>\r\n

<\/b>P\u016fvodn\u00ed jednolodn\u00ed plochostrop\u00fd kostel s presbyt\u00e1\u0159em nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho p\u016fdorysu a obd\u00e9lnou sakristi\u00ed byl postaven nejpozd\u011bji v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b 14. stolet\u00ed. Kolem roku 1490 byla k z\u00e1padn\u00edmi \u0161t\u00edtu lodi p\u0159istav\u011bna zvonice. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 16. stolet\u00ed do\u0161lo k vlo\u017een\u00ed kruchty a klenby dvoulod\u00ed. Ve stejn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed pro\u0161la adaptac\u00ed i v\u011b\u017e, kde byl z vn\u011bj\u0161ku z\u0159\u00edzen port\u00e1l s atypicky prot\u00ednan\u00fdm ost\u011bn\u00edm, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznikla p\u0159eds\u00ed\u0148 se vstupem do lodi. N\u011bkdy na p\u0159elomu prvn\u00ed a druh\u00e9 \u010dtvrtiny 16. stolet\u00ed bylo ke kostelu p\u0159istav\u011bno v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, polygon\u00e1ln\u011b ukon\u010den\u00e9 kn\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b. V dob\u011b kolem poloviny 16. stolet\u00ed zakryla hlavn\u00ed port\u00e1l kostela patrov\u00e1 ji\u017en\u00ed p\u0159eds\u00ed\u0148.

\"POHLED<\/p>

POHLED NA KOSTEL OD JIHOV\u00ddCHODU.<\/p>

\"POHLED<\/p>

POHLED NA PORT\u00c1L VE V\u011a\u017dI KOSTELA.<\/p><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Stavebn\u00ed podoba<\/b><\/h3>\r\n

<\/b>Dvoulodn\u00ed kostel s hlubok\u00fdm p\u011btiboce zakon\u010den\u00fdm presbyt\u00e1\u0159em m\u00e1 po severn\u00ed stran\u011b p\u0159ipojenou sakristii a v\u011b\u017e na z\u00e1padn\u00edm pr\u016f\u010del\u00ed. P\u0159eds\u00ed\u0148 s depozit\u00e1\u0159em v pat\u0159e je p\u0159ipojena k ji\u017en\u00ed stran\u011b lodi. Presbyt\u00e1\u0159 m\u00e1 ji\u017en\u00ed stranu a n\u00e1ro\u017e\u00ed zpevn\u011bn\u00e9 kamenn\u00fdmi op\u011br\u00e1ky. Ve \u010dty\u0159ech oknech s lomen\u00fdmi z\u00e1klenky se zachovaly pozdn\u011b gotick\u00e9 kru\u017eby. Interi\u00e9r kn\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b uzav\u0159ela s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1 klenba vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z krou\u017een\u00fdch kleneb Hanse Getzingera. Sakristie na obd\u00e9ln\u00e9m p\u016fdorysu je poz\u016fstatkem star\u0161\u00edho kostela. Interi\u00e9r p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00fd sedlov\u00fdm port\u00e1lem v severn\u00ed zdi kn\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b je uzav\u0159en valenou klenbou. Prostor dvoulod\u00ed uzav\u00edr\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1 klenba, jej\u00ed\u017e k\u00e1p\u011b ozdobila naprosto ojedin\u011bl\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 nepravideln\u011b zak\u0159iven\u00fdch \u017eeber. Klenba je vlo\u017eena na dva polygon\u00e1ln\u00ed pil\u00ed\u0159e. V\u011b\u017e s armovan\u00fdm n\u00e1ro\u017e\u00edm m\u00e1 dv\u011b kordonov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edmsy a patrech \u00fazk\u00e1 obd\u00e9ln\u00e1 okna. V p\u0159\u00edzem\u00ed se na z\u00e1padn\u00ed st\u011bn\u011b v\u011b\u017ee nal\u00e9z\u00e1 reprezentativn\u00ed pozdn\u011b gotick\u00fd port\u00e1l s bohat\u011b kamenicky zpracovan\u00fdm ost\u011bn\u00edm.

\"POHLED<\/p>

POHLED NA PRESBYT\u00c1\u0158 KOSTELA.<\/p>

\"POHLED<\/p>

POHLED NA KLENBU PRESBYT\u00c1\u0158E.<\/p><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Zasazen\u00ed do krajiny a historick\u00fd v\u00fdznam m\u00edsta<\/b><\/h3>\r\n

M\u011bste\u010dko vzniklo na prav\u00e9m b\u0159ehu \u0159eky Mal\u0161e p\u0159i k\u0159i\u017eovatce cest z Cetvin do Kaplice a z Doln\u00edho Dvo\u0159i\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1le na Malonty a Bene\u0161ov nad \u010cernou. P\u016fvodn\u011b bylo sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vele\u0161\u00ednsk\u00e9ho panstv\u00ed a st\u00e1lo na jedn\u00e9 z v\u011btv\u00ed lineck\u00e9 cesty. Le\u017e\u00ed na m\u00edrn\u00e9m svahu, schr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9m od severu dv\u011bma vrchy. P\u00e1te\u0159\u00ed m\u011bste\u010dka se stala komunikace stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed od \u0159eky k severov\u00fdchodu.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Vybaven\u00ed kostela<\/b><\/h3>\r\n

<\/b>Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kostela je p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b barokn\u00ed.

\"POHLED<\/p>

POHLED DO INTERI\u00c9RU KOSTELA.<\/p><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Duchovn\u00ed prvky<\/b><\/h3>\r\n

<\/b>

K\u0158TITELNICE<\/p>Kamenn\u00e1 gotick\u00e1 k\u0159titelnice s kru\u017ebov\u00fdmi motivy se nach\u00e1z\u00ed u sanktu\u00e1\u0159e u severn\u00ed st\u011bny presbyt\u00e1\u0159e. Poch\u00e1z\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b z let 1500\u20131509.

POV\u011aST<\/p>Podle pov\u011bsti, kterou zaznamenal Hans Watzlik, stav\u011bl kostel v Rychnov\u011b nad Mal\u0161\u00ed stejn\u00fd stavitel jako v Doln\u00edm Dvo\u0159i\u0161ti. Pl\u00e1ny obou kostel\u016f v\u0161ak zam\u011bnil, a tak byl ve Dvo\u0159i\u0161ti postaven mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a kr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kostel ne\u017e v Rychnov\u011b. Proto\u017ee v\u0161ak rychnovsk\u00fd farn\u00ed okrsek byl v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dvo\u0159i\u0161\u0165sk\u00fd, obyvatele Rychnova tato z\u00e1m\u011bna velmi rozho\u0159\u010dila. Rozhn\u011bv\u00e1ni \u00fadajn\u011b dopadli stavitele a ob\u011bsili ho na \u0160ibeni\u010dn\u00edm vrchu.

\"POHLED<\/p>

POHLED NA K\u0158TITELNICI UM\u00cdST\u011aNOU U SEVERN\u00cd ST\u011aNY PRESBYT\u00c1\u0158E.<\/p><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Duchovn\u00ed kontext<\/b><\/h3>\r\n

HISTORICK\u00dd<\/p>Bl\u00edzkost jin\u00fdch architektonicky v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch staveb kostel\u016f s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed ovlivnila tvaroslov\u00ed architektonick\u00fdch prvk\u016f rychnovsk\u00e9ho kostela. Nap\u0159\u00edklad mnoho spole\u010dn\u00fdch prvk\u016f m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt p\u0159i porovn\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159titelnice a ost\u011bn\u00ed reprezentativn\u00edho ji\u017en\u00edho port\u00e1lu lodi v Rychnov\u011b nad Mal\u0161\u00ed se spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kamenn\u00e9 kazatelny a port\u00e1lu depozit\u00e1\u0159e nad ji\u017en\u00ed p\u0159eds\u00edn\u00ed kostela v Doln\u00edm Dvo\u0159i\u0161ti. Polovina osmibok\u00e9ho hv\u011bzdov\u00e9ho pole v z\u00e1v\u011bru rychnovsk\u00e9ho kn\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b se sv\u00fdm p\u016fdorysn\u00fdm pr\u016fm\u011btem n\u00e1padn\u011b podob\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sou\u010dasn\u00e9 v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti klenby v kn\u011b\u017ei\u0161ti kostela ve Frymburku, dokon\u010den\u00e9 po roce 1530. V obdob\u00ed obnovy kostela, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v roce 1537 byl Rychnov pov\u00fd\u0161en kr\u00e1lem Ferdinandem I. na tr\u017en\u00ed m\u011bsto i s pr\u00e1vem kon\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00fddenn\u00edch trh\u016f v ka\u017ed\u00e9 pond\u011bl\u00ed, ro\u010dn\u00edch trh\u016f v ned\u011bli po n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m sv\u00e1tku Bo\u017e\u00edho t\u011bla a tak\u00e9 jarmark\u016f ke dni sv. Ond\u0159eje. Sv. Ond\u0159ej se stal apo\u0161tolem, p\u016fvodn\u011b byl galilejsk\u00fdm ryb\u00e1\u0159em, jen\u017e jako prvn\u00ed n\u00e1sledoval Krista. O jeho \u017eivot\u011b se dov\u00edd\u00e1me p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z apokryfn\u00ed a legendick\u00e9 literatury. Podle n\u00ed vykonal misijn\u00ed cesty do Ruska, Mal\u00e9 Asie a \u0158ecka, kde k\u00e1zal a hojn\u011b uzdravoval. Obvykle je zobrazov\u00e1n jako star\u00fd mu\u017e s b\u00edl\u00fdmi vlasy i vousy. Jeho hlavn\u00edm atributem je k\u0159\u00ed\u017e ve tvaru p\u00edsmene X, na kter\u00e9m byl umu\u010den.

V\u00ddZDOBA A IKONOGRAFIE<\/p>Za v\u00fdzdobu kostela bychom mohli pova\u017eovat i klenbu dvoulod\u00ed, kterou \u010dlen\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 \u017eeber, kter\u00e1 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b nepravideln\u00e9 obrazce a jejich pr\u016fb\u011bh se \u010dasto pravo\u00fahle zalamuje. Funkce \u017eeber je pouze dekorativn\u00ed, jako tomu b\u00fdv\u00e1 v pozdn\u00ed gotice \u010dasto.

\"POHLED<\/p>

POHLED NA KLENBU DVOULOD\u00cd KOSTELA.<\/p>\r\n

Literatura<\/b><\/h3>\r\nRoman Lavi\u010dka, Pozdn\u011b gotick\u00e9 kostely na ro\u017embersk\u00e9m panstv\u00ed, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice 2013 Hynek L\u00e1tal, Transformace klenebn\u00edch figurac\u00ed, Brno 2010 (diserta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce) Emanuel Poche (ed.), Um\u011bleck\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky \u010cech 3, Praha 1980 James Hall, Slovn\u00edk n\u00e1m\u011bt\u016f a symbol\u016f ve v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9m um\u011bn\u00ed, Praha 1991 Jan Royt, Slovn\u00edk biblick\u00e9 ikonografie, Praha 2007\r\n\r\n
\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

LOKALITA:\u00a0Rychnov nad Mal\u0161\u00ed Okres: \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov Kraj: Jiho\u010desk\u00fd kraj GPS: 48.6677822N, 14.4824497E Naviguj na sou\u0159adnice P\u0159\u00edstup: Kostel se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed m\u011bste\u010dka. Do kostela vedou dva st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 vstupy. Zasv\u011bcen\u00ed: sv. Ond\u0159ej Status: Farn\u00ed kostel, od roku 1363. Stavebn\u00ed f\u00e1ze P\u016fvodn\u00ed jednolodn\u00ed plochostrop\u00fd kostel s presbyt\u00e1\u0159em nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho p\u016fdorysu a obd\u00e9lnou sakristi\u00ed byl postaven nejpozd\u011bji […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1329,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-444","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/444","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=444"}],"version-history":[{"count":47,"href":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/444\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14543,"href":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/444\/revisions\/14543"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1329"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ishp.prf.jcu.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}